Multiplying and dividing · Grade 5

In Grade 5 you learn: long multiplication.

Once numbers get bigger than the times tables, we multiply by splitting numbers into parts (short and long multiplication, or the grid method) and divide with short division. Division doesn't always come out exactly; what to do with a remainder depends on the question.

Key facts

• Short multiplication: multiply each digit by the single digit, starting with the ones, and carry.
• Long multiplication: multiply by the ones digit, then by the tens (put a 0 first), then add the rows.
• Grid method: split both numbers into tens and ones, multiply each pair, then add.
• Short division: divide each digit from the left, carrying the remainder to the next digit.
• Remainders: round up when everything must fit (buses, boxes); round down when only whole ones count (pieces, packs).
• Check a division by multiplying back: quotient × divisor + remainder = number.

Worked examples

Other years

• Multiplying and dividing · Grade 2
• Multiplying and dividing · Grade 3
• Multiplying and dividing · Grade 4
• Multiplying and dividing · Grade 6