Multiplying · Grade 5
In Grade 5 you learn: long multiplication.
Multiplying puts equal groups together. Once numbers get bigger than the times tables, we split them into parts and multiply each part: the area model, short multiplication and long multiplication.
Key facts
- You can multiply in any order: 3 × 4 = 4 × 3.
- To multiply by a multiple of 10, use a times table fact, then make it 10 times bigger: 6 × 4 = 24, so 6 × 40 = 240.
- Area model: split both numbers into tens and ones, multiply each pair, then add.
- Short multiplication: multiply each digit by the single digit, starting with the ones, and carry.
- Long multiplication: multiply by the ones digit, then by the tens (put a 0 first), then add the rows.
Worked examples
Example 1
24 × 3
Answer: 72
Example 2
A spider has 8 legs. How many legs do 7 spiders have?
Answer: 56
Example 3
Work out 6 × 40.
Answer: 240
Example 4
367 × 4
Answer: 1,468
Example 5
46 × 23
Answer: 1,058
Example 6
Work out 326 × 47.
Answer: 15,322