Multiplying · Grade 4

In Grade 4 you learn: multiplying by multiples of 10; 2-digit × 1-digit multiplication; short multiplication of 3-digit numbers; 4-digit × 1-digit and 2-digit × 2-digit multiplication.

Multiplying puts equal groups together. Once numbers get bigger than the times tables, we split them into parts and multiply each part: the grid method, short multiplication and long multiplication.

Key facts

• Multiplying adds equal groups: 4 groups of 3 is 4 × 3 = 12.
• You can multiply in any order: 3 × 4 = 4 × 3.
• To multiply by a multiple of 10, use a times table fact, then make it 10 times bigger: 6 × 4 = 24, so 6 × 40 = 240.
• Grid method: split both numbers into tens and ones, multiply each pair, then add.
• Short multiplication: multiply each digit by the single digit, starting with the ones, and carry.

Worked examples

Other years

• Multiplying · Grade 2
• Multiplying · Grade 3
• Multiplying · Grade 5
• Multiplying · Grade 6