Paragraphs and topic sentences

A paragraph is a group of sentences about one main idea. It usually starts with a topic sentence that tells the reader what the paragraph is about; the other sentences give details, examples or reasons. We start a new paragraph when the writing moves to a new time, a new place, a new person speaking or a new topic.

Key facts

  • Topic sentence first: ⟦Cats have some interesting habits.⟧ Then the details: ⟦They sleep for up to sixteen hours a day.⟧
  • Every sentence in a paragraph should be about its main idea; a sentence about something else belongs in a different paragraph.
  • New paragraph for a new time (⟦The next morning, …⟧), a new place (⟦At the park, …⟧) or a new topic (⟦Another reason is…⟧).
  • In a story, start a new paragraph each time a new person speaks.
  • Linking words help paragraphs flow: ⟦First⟧, ⟦Also⟧, ⟦However⟧, ⟦Finally⟧.

Worked examples

Example 1

Choose the topic sentence: ⟦___ First, it saves energy. It also means less rubbish.⟧

  1. Both details are reasons why recycling is good.
  2. The topic sentence sums that up: ⟦Recycling helps the planet in several ways.⟧

Answer: ⟦Recycling helps the planet in several ways.⟧

Example 2

Which sentence doesn't belong? ⟦There is plenty to do in the city. The museum is full of treasures. My cousin has a puppy. You can take a boat trip.⟧

  1. The main idea is things to do in the city.
  2. ⟦My cousin has a puppy.⟧ is about something else.

Answer: ⟦My cousin has a puppy.⟧

Example 3

Why a new paragraph? ⟦…and we fell asleep in the tent. ¶ The next morning, the sun was shining.⟧

  1. ⟦The next morning⟧ moves the story to a new time.
  2. So the writer starts a new paragraph.

Answer: a new time